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<article role="main" id="furo-main-content">
<section id="engine-overview">
<span id="engines-dev"></span><h1>Engine Overview<a class="headerlink" href="#engine-overview" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<aside class="sidebar">
<p class="sidebar-title">Further reading ..</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../../user/configured_engines.html#configured-engines"><span class="std std-ref">Configured Engines</span></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../../admin/settings/settings_engines.html#settings-engines"><span class="std std-ref">engines:</span></a></p></li>
</ul>
</aside>
<p>SearXNG is a <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine">metasearch-engine</a>, so it uses different search engines to provide
better results.</p>
<p>Because there is no general search API which could be used for every search
engine, an adapter has to be built between SearXNG and the external search
engines. Adapters are stored under the folder <a class="extlink-origin reference external" href="https://github.com/searxng/searxng/blob/master/searx/engines">git://searx/engines</a>.</p>
<section id="general-engine-configuration">
<span id="id1"></span><h2>General Engine Configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#general-engine-configuration" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>It is required to tell SearXNG the type of results the engine provides. The
arguments can be set in the engine file or in the settings file (normally
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">settings.yml</span></code>). The arguments in the settings file override the ones in the
engine file.</p>
<p>It does not matter if an option is stored in the engine file or in the settings.
However, the standard way is the following:</p>
<section id="engine-file">
<span id="id2"></span><h3>Engine File<a class="headerlink" href="#engine-file" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<div class="table-wrapper docutils container" id="id3">
<table class="docutils align-default" id="id3" style="width: 100%">
<caption><span class="caption-number">Table 2 </span><span class="caption-text">Common options in the engine module</span><a class="headerlink" href="#id3" title="Link to this table"></a></caption>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>argument</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>type</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>information</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>categories</p></td>
<td><p>list</p></td>
<td><p>categories, in which the engine is working</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>paging</p></td>
<td><p>boolean</p></td>
<td><p>support multiple pages</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>time_range_support</p></td>
<td><p>boolean</p></td>
<td><p>support search time range</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>engine_type</p></td>
<td><p>str</p></td>
<td><ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">online</span></code> <a class="reference internal" href="index.html#online-engines"><span class="std std-ref">[ref]</span></a> by
default, other possibles values are:</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">offline</span></code> <a class="reference internal" href="index.html#offline-engines"><span class="std std-ref">[ref]</span></a></p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">online_dictionary</span></code> <a class="reference internal" href="index.html#online-dictionary"><span class="std std-ref">[ref]</span></a></p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">online_currency</span></code> <a class="reference internal" href="index.html#online-currency"><span class="std std-ref">[ref]</span></a></p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">online_url_search</span></code> <a class="reference internal" href="index.html#online-url-search"><span class="std std-ref">[ref]</span></a></p></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</section>
<section id="engine-settings-yml">
<span id="engine-settings"></span><h3>Engine <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">settings.yml</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#engine-settings-yml" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>For a more detailed description, see <a class="reference internal" href="../../admin/settings/settings_engines.html#settings-engines"><span class="std std-ref">engines:</span></a> in the <a class="reference internal" href="../../admin/settings/settings.html#settings-yml"><span class="std std-ref">settings.yml</span></a>.</p>
<div class="table-wrapper docutils container" id="id4">
<table class="docutils align-default" id="id4" style="width: 100%">
<caption><span class="caption-number">Table 3 </span><span class="caption-text">Common options in the engine setup (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">settings.yml</span></code>)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#id4" title="Link to this table"></a></caption>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>argument</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>type</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>information</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>name</p></td>
<td><p>string</p></td>
<td><p>name of search-engine</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>engine</p></td>
<td><p>string</p></td>
<td><p>name of searxng-engine (file name without <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.py</span></code>)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>enable_http</p></td>
<td><p>bool</p></td>
<td><p>enable HTTP (by default only HTTPS is enabled).</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>shortcut</p></td>
<td><p>string</p></td>
<td><p>shortcut of search-engine</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>timeout</p></td>
<td><p>string</p></td>
<td><p>specific timeout for search-engine</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>display_error_messages</p></td>
<td><p>boolean</p></td>
<td><p>display error messages on the web UI</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>proxies</p></td>
<td><p>dict</p></td>
<td><p>set proxies for a specific engine
(e.g. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">proxies</span> <span class="pre">:</span> <span class="pre">{http:</span> <span class="pre">socks5://proxy:port,</span>
<span class="pre">https:</span> <span class="pre">socks5://proxy:port}</span></code>)</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</section>
<section id="overrides">
<span id="engine-overrides"></span><h3>Overrides<a class="headerlink" href="#overrides" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>A few of the options have default values in the namespace of the engine’s python
module, but are often overwritten by the settings. If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> is assigned to an
option in the engine file, it has to be redefined in the settings, otherwise
SearXNG will not start with that engine (global names with a leading underline can
be <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>).</p>
<p>Here is an very simple example of the global names in the namespace of engine’s
module:</p>
<div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># engine dependent config</span>
<span class="n">categories</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;general&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">paging</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
<span class="n">_non_overwritten_global</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;foo&#39;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="table-wrapper docutils container" id="id5">
<table class="docutils align-default" id="id5" style="width: 100%">
<caption><span class="caption-number">Table 4 </span><span class="caption-text">The naming of overrides is arbitrary / recommended overrides are:</span><a class="headerlink" href="#id5" title="Link to this table"></a></caption>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>argument</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>type</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>information</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>base_url</p></td>
<td><p>string</p></td>
<td><p>base-url, can be overwritten to use same
engine on other URL</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>number_of_results</p></td>
<td><p>int</p></td>
<td><p>maximum number of results per request</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>language</p></td>
<td><p>string</p></td>
<td><p>ISO code of language and country like en_US</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>api_key</p></td>
<td><p>string</p></td>
<td><p>api-key if required by engine</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="making-a-request">
<span id="engine-request"></span><h2>Making a Request<a class="headerlink" href="#making-a-request" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>To perform a search an URL have to be specified. In addition to specifying an
URL, arguments can be passed to the query.</p>
<section id="passed-arguments-request">
<span id="engine-request-arguments"></span><h3>Passed Arguments (request)<a class="headerlink" href="#passed-arguments-request" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>These arguments can be used to construct the search query. Furthermore,
parameters with default value can be redefined for special purposes.</p>
<div class="table-wrapper docutils container" id="id6">
<span id="engine-request-online"></span><span id="engine-request-online"></span><table class="docutils align-default" id="id6" style="width: 100%">
<caption><span class="caption-number">Table 5 </span><span class="caption-text">If the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">engine_type</span></code> is <a class="reference internal" href="../../src/searx.search.processors.html#searx.search.processors.online.OnlineProcessor.get_params" title="searx.search.processors.online.OnlineProcessor.get_params"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">online</span></code></a></span><a class="headerlink" href="#id6" title="Link to this table"></a></caption>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>argument</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>type</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>default-value, information</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>url</p></td>
<td><p>str</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">''</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>method</p></td>
<td><p>str</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'GET'</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>headers</p></td>
<td><p>dict</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">{}</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>data</p></td>
<td><p>dict</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">{}</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>cookies</p></td>
<td><p>dict</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">{}</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>verify</p></td>
<td><p>bool</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>headers.User-Agent</p></td>
<td><p>str</p></td>
<td><p>a random User-Agent</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>category</p></td>
<td><p>str</p></td>
<td><p>current category, like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'general'</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>safesearch</p></td>
<td><p>int</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code>, between <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">2</span></code> (normal, moderate, strict)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>time_range</p></td>
<td><p>Optional[str]</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>, can be <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">day</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">week</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">month</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">year</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>pageno</p></td>
<td><p>int</p></td>
<td><p>current pagenumber</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>searxng_locale</p></td>
<td><p>str</p></td>
<td><p>SearXNG’s locale selected by user. Specific language code like
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'en'</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'en-US'</span></code>, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'all'</span></code> if unspecified.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-wrapper docutils container" id="id7">
<span id="engine-request-online-dictionary"></span><span id="engine-request-online-dictionary"></span><table class="docutils align-default" id="id7" style="width: 100%">
<caption><span class="caption-number">Table 6 </span><span class="caption-text">If the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">engine_type</span></code> is <a class="reference internal" href="../../src/searx.search.processors.html#searx.search.processors.online_dictionary.OnlineDictionaryProcessor.get_params" title="searx.search.processors.online_dictionary.OnlineDictionaryProcessor.get_params"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">online_dictionary</span></code></a>,
in addition to the <a class="reference internal" href="#engine-request-online"><span class="std std-ref">online</span></a> arguments:</span><a class="headerlink" href="#id7" title="Link to this table"></a></caption>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>argument</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>type</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>default-value, information</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>from_lang</p></td>
<td><p>str</p></td>
<td><p>specific language code like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'en_US'</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>to_lang</p></td>
<td><p>str</p></td>
<td><p>specific language code like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'en_US'</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>query</p></td>
<td><p>str</p></td>
<td><p>the text query without the languages</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-wrapper docutils container" id="id8">
<span id="engine-request-online-currency"></span><span id="engine-request-online-currency"></span><table class="docutils align-default" id="id8" style="width: 100%">
<caption><span class="caption-number">Table 7 </span><span class="caption-text">If the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">engine_type</span></code> is <a class="reference internal" href="../../src/searx.search.processors.html#searx.search.processors.online_currency.OnlineCurrencyProcessor.get_params" title="searx.search.processors.online_currency.OnlineCurrencyProcessor.get_params"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">online_currency</span></code></a>,
in addition to the <a class="reference internal" href="#engine-request-online"><span class="std std-ref">online</span></a> arguments:</span><a class="headerlink" href="#id8" title="Link to this table"></a></caption>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>argument</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>type</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>default-value, information</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>amount</p></td>
<td><p>float</p></td>
<td><p>the amount to convert</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>from</p></td>
<td><p>str</p></td>
<td><p>ISO 4217 code</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>to</p></td>
<td><p>str</p></td>
<td><p>ISO 4217 code</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>from_name</p></td>
<td><p>str</p></td>
<td><p>currency name</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>to_name</p></td>
<td><p>str</p></td>
<td><p>currency name</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-wrapper docutils container" id="id9">
<span id="engine-request-online-url-search"></span><span id="engine-request-online-url-search"></span><table class="docutils align-default" id="id9" style="width: 100%">
<caption><span class="caption-number">Table 8 </span><span class="caption-text">If the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">engine_type</span></code> is <a class="reference internal" href="../../src/searx.search.processors.html#searx.search.processors.online_url_search.OnlineUrlSearchProcessor.get_params" title="searx.search.processors.online_url_search.OnlineUrlSearchProcessor.get_params"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">online_url_search</span></code></a>,
in addition to the <a class="reference internal" href="#engine-request-online"><span class="std std-ref">online</span></a> arguments:</span><a class="headerlink" href="#id9" title="Link to this table"></a></caption>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>argument</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>type</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>default-value, information</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>search_url</p></td>
<td><p>dict</p></td>
<td><p>URLs from the search query:</p>
<div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;http&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;ftp&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">&#39;data:image&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</section>
<section id="specify-request">
<h3>Specify Request<a class="headerlink" href="#specify-request" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>The function <a class="reference internal" href="demo/demo_online.html#searx.engines.demo_online.request" title="searx.engines.demo_online.request"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">def</span> <span class="pre">request(query,</span> <span class="pre">params):</span></code></a> always returns the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">params</span></code> variable, the
following parameters can be used to specify a search request:</p>
<div class="table-wrapper docutils container">
<table class="docutils align-default" style="width: 100%">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>argument</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>type</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>information</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>url</p></td>
<td><p>str</p></td>
<td><p>requested url</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>method</p></td>
<td><p>str</p></td>
<td><p>HTTP request method</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>headers</p></td>
<td><p>dict</p></td>
<td><p>HTTP header information</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>data</p></td>
<td><p>dict</p></td>
<td><p>HTTP data information</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>cookies</p></td>
<td><p>dict</p></td>
<td><p>HTTP cookies</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>verify</p></td>
<td><p>bool</p></td>
<td><p>Performing SSL-Validity check</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>allow_redirects</p></td>
<td><p>bool</p></td>
<td><p>Follow redirects</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>max_redirects</p></td>
<td><p>int</p></td>
<td><p>maximum redirects, hard limit</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>soft_max_redirects</p></td>
<td><p>int</p></td>
<td><p>maximum redirects, soft limit. Record an error but don’t stop the engine</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>raise_for_httperror</p></td>
<td><p>bool</p></td>
<td><p>True by default: raise an exception if the HTTP code of response is &gt;= 300</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="making-a-response">
<h2>Making a Response<a class="headerlink" href="#making-a-response" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>In the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">response</span></code> function of the engine, the HTTP response (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">resp</span></code>) is
parsed and a list of results is returned.</p>
<p>A engine can append result-items of different media-types and different
result-types to the result list. The list of the result items is render to HTML
by templates. For more details read section:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../templates.html#simple-theme-templates"><span class="std std-ref">Simple Theme Templates</span></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../result_types/index.html#result-types"><span class="std std-ref">Result Types</span></a></p></li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
</article>
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<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Engine Overview</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#general-engine-configuration">General Engine Configuration</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#engine-file">Engine File</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#engine-settings-yml">Engine <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">settings.yml</span></code></a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#overrides">Overrides</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#making-a-request">Making a Request</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#passed-arguments-request">Passed Arguments (request)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#specify-request">Specify Request</a></li>
</ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#making-a-response">Making a Response</a></li>
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