.. _installation container:

======================
Installation container
======================

.. _Docker 101: https://docs.docker.com/get-started/docker-overview
.. _Docker cheat sheet (PDF doc): https://docs.docker.com/get-started/docker_cheatsheet.pdf
.. _Podman rootless containers: https://github.com/containers/podman/blob/main/docs/tutorials/rootless_tutorial.md
.. _DockerHub mirror: https://hub.docker.com/r/searxng/searxng
.. _GHCR mirror: https://ghcr.io/searxng/searxng

.. sidebar:: info

   - `Docker 101`_
   - `Docker cheat sheet (PDF doc)`_
   - `Podman rootless containers`_

.. important::

   Understanding container architecture basics is essential for properly
   maintaining your SearXNG instance.  This guide assumes familiarity with
   container concepts and provides deployment steps at a high level.

   If you're new to containers, we recommend learning the fundamentals at
   `Docker 101`_ before proceeding.

Container images are the basis for deployments in containerized environments,
Compose, Kubernetes and more.

.. _Container installation:

Installation
============

.. _Container prerequisites:

Prerequisites
-------------

You need a working Docker or Podman installation on your system.  Choose the
option that works best for your environment:

- `Docker <https://docs.docker.com/get-docker/>`_ (recommended for most users)
- `Podman <https://podman.io/docs/installation>`_

In the case of Docker, you need to add the user running the container to the
``docker`` group and restart the session:

.. code:: sh

   $ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

In the case of Podman, no additional steps are generally required, but there
are some considerations when running `Podman rootless containers`_.

.. _Container registries:

Registries
----------

.. note::

   DockerHub now applies rate limits to unauthenticated image pulls.  If you
   are affected by this, you can use the `GHCR mirror`_ instead.

The official images are mirrored at:

- `DockerHub mirror`_
- `GHCR mirror`_ (GitHub Container Registry)

.. _Container compose instancing:

Compose instancing
==================

This is the recommended way to deploy SearXNG in a containerized environment.
Compose templates allow you to define container configurations in a
declarative manner.

.. _Container compose instancing setup:

Setup
-----

1. Create the environment:

.. code:: sh

   # Create the environment and configuration directories
   $ mkdir -p ./searxng/core-config/
   $ cd ./searxng/

   # Fetch the latest compose template
   $ curl -fsSL \
       -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/searxng/searxng/master/container/docker-compose.yml \
       -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/searxng/searxng/master/container/.env.example

2. Copy the ``.env.example`` file and edit the values as needed:

.. code:: sh

   $ cp -i .env.example .env

   # nano or your preferred text editor...
   $ nano .env

3. Start & stop the services:

.. code:: sh

   $ docker compose up -d
   $ docker compose down

4. Setup your settings in ``core-config/settings.yml`` according to your preferences.

.. _Container compose instancing maintenance:

Management
----------

.. important::

    Remember to review the new templates for any changes that may affect your
    deployment, and update the ``.env`` file accordingly.

To update the templates to their latest versions:

.. code:: sh

   $ docker compose down
   $ curl -fsSLO \
       https://raw.githubusercontent.com/searxng/searxng/master/container/docker-compose.yml \
       https://raw.githubusercontent.com/searxng/searxng/master/container/.env.example
   $ docker compose up -d

To update the services to their latest versions:

.. code:: sh

   $ docker compose down
   $ docker compose pull
   $ docker compose up -d

List running services:

.. code:: sh

   $ docker compose ps
   NAME            IMAGE  ...  CREATED        STATUS        PORTS
   searxng-core    ...    ...  3 minutes ago  Up 3 minutes  0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp
   searxng-valkey  ...    ...  3 minutes ago  Up 3 minutes  6379/tcp

Print a service container logs:

.. code:: sh

   $ docker compose logs -f core

Access a service container shell (troubleshooting):

.. code:: sh

   $ docker compose exec -it --user root core /bin/sh -l
   /usr/local/searxng #

Stop and remove the services:

.. code:: sh

   $ docker compose down

.. _Container manual instancing:

Manual instancing
=================

This section is intended for advanced users who need custom deployments.  We
recommend using `Container compose instancing`_, which provides a preconfigured
environment with sensible defaults.

Basic container instancing example:

.. code:: sh

   # Create directories for configuration and persistent data
   $ mkdir -p ./searxng/config/ ./searxng/data/
   $ cd ./searxng/

   # Run the container
   $ docker run --name searxng -d \
       -p 8888:8080 \
       -v "./config/:/etc/searxng/" \
       -v "./data/:/var/cache/searxng/" \
       docker.io/searxng/searxng:latest

This will start SearXNG in the background, accessible at http://localhost:8888

.. _Container management:

Management
----------

List running containers:

.. code:: sh

   $ docker container list
   CONTAINER ID  IMAGE  ...  CREATED        PORTS                   NAMES
   1af574997e63  ...    ...  3 minutes ago  0.0.0.0:8888->8080/tcp  searxng

Print the container logs:

.. code:: sh

   $ docker container logs -f searxng

Access the container shell (troubleshooting):

.. code:: sh

   $ docker container exec -it --user root searxng /bin/sh -l
   /usr/local/searxng #

Stop and remove the container:

.. code:: sh

   $ docker container stop searxng
   $ docker container rm searxng

.. _Container volumes:

Volumes
=======

Two volumes are exposed that should be mounted to preserve its contents:

- ``/etc/searxng``: Configuration files (settings.yml, etc.)
- ``/var/cache/searxng``: Persistent data (faviconcache.db, etc.)

.. _Container environment variables:

Environment variables
=====================

The following environment variables can be configured:

- ``$SEARXNG_*``: Controls the SearXNG configuration options, look out for
  environment ``$SEARXNG_*`` in :ref:`settings server`, :ref:`settings
  general` and the :origin:`container/.env.example` template.
- ``$GRANIAN_*``: Controls the :ref:`Granian server options <Granian configuration>`.
- ``$FORCE_OWNERSHIP``: Ensures mounted volumes/files are owned by the
  ``searxng:searxng`` user (default: ``true``)

.. _Container custom certificates:

Custom certificates
===================

You can mount ``/usr/local/share/ca-certificates/`` folder to add/remove
additional certificates as needed.

They will be available on container (re)start or when running
``update-ca-certificates`` in the container shell.

This requires the container to be running with ``root`` privileges.

.. _Container custom images:

Custom images
=============

To build your own SearXNG container image from source (please note, custom
container images are not officially supported):

.. code:: sh

   $ git clone https://github.com/searxng/searxng.git
   $ cd ./searxng/

   # Run the container build script
   $ make container

   $ docker images
   REPOSITORY                 TAG                 IMAGE ID  CREATED             SIZE
   localhost/searxng/searxng  2025.8.1-3d96414    ...       About a minute ago  183 MB
   localhost/searxng/searxng  latest              ...       About a minute ago  183 MB
   localhost/searxng/searxng  builder             ...       About a minute ago  524 MB
   ghcr.io/searxng/base       searxng-builder     ...       2 days ago          378 MB
   ghcr.io/searxng/base       searxng             ...       2 days ago          42.2 MB

Migrate from ``searxng-docker``
===============================

We expect the following source directory structure:

.. code:: sh

   .
   └── searxng-docker
       ├── searxng
       │   ├── favicons.toml
       │   ├── limiter.toml
       │   ├── settings.yml
       │   └── ...
       ├── .env
       ├── Caddyfile
       ├── docker-compose.yml
       └── ...

Create a brand new environment outside ``searxng-docker`` directory, following
`Container compose instancing setup`_.

Once up and running, stop the services and move the configuration files from
the old mount to the new one:

.. code:: sh

   $ mv ./searxng-docker/searxng/* ./searxng/core-config/

If using Valkey features like bot protection (limiter), you will need to update
the URL hostname in :origin:`searx/settings.yml` file to ``valkey`` or
``searxng-valkey``.

If you have any environment variables in the old ``.env`` file, make
sure to add them to the new one.

Consider setting up a reverse proxy if exposing the instance to the public.

You should end with the following directory structure:

.. code:: sh

    .
    ├── searxng
    │   ├── core-config
    │   │   ├── favicons.toml
    │   │   ├── limiter.toml
    │   │   ├── settings.yml
    │   │   └── ...
    │   ├── .env.example
    │   ├── .env
    │   └── docker-compose.yml
    └── searxng-docker
        └── ...

If everything is working on the new environment, you can remove the old
``searxng-docker`` directory and its contents.
